Breech-loading magazwe-gun



:Nc Model.) A BURGESS 2 Sheets--'slaeet 1.

BREEGH'LOADING MAGAZINE GUN.

Patented June "5 1892.

m m N u S t e m mm 04 3 S E G R U B A (No Model.)

BEEBGH T-OADING MAGAZINE GUN.

No. 476,246. Patented June- 7, 1 92 UNITE STATES ATENT Fries.

BREECH-LOADING MAGAZiN E-GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,246, dated June 7,1892.

Application filed January 7,1887. Serial No. 223.693. (No model.) v

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW BURGESS, a citizen of. the United States,residing at Owego, iu the county of Tioga and State of New York,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine-Firearms;and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it ap- IO pertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to breech-loading and magazine firearms; and itconsists ofcertai'n new constructions and combinations'of parts,hereinafter more fully described. The object of this invention is toproduce an easily-manipulated and eflicient magazinegun, and moreespecially an arm which will carry ball or shot, or both combiner],efiectually from the same barrel, and for the use of cavalry, mountedpolice, &c.,where rapid firing and comprehensive operation by one hand 25 is desirable.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal side elevation of this gun, showing it inposition for being 0perated by one hand. Fig. 2 is a section of thebutt, showing means of attaching the gun to the shoulder-piece. Fig. 3isan enlarged view of the muzzle ofz-Fig. 1, modified by a screwjoint.Fig. 4 shows the compound operatinglever detached. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal side section of the frame and breech mechanism of this gunin firing position. Fig. dis a similar view to Fig. 5,'but with thebreech open. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the frame lever and carrier ofFig. 6 on the line a; a: and showing the face of the bolt andextractors. Fig. 8

1,0 shows the parts of the operatingdever detached in side elevation.Fig. L side view of the sliding carrier-lever in tion and a plan of thesame detached.

Similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts. I

- 1 is the frame; 2, the barrel; 3, the buttstock; 4., a shoulder-plate;5, the operatinghandle; 6, the bolt; 7, the locking-brace, and

8 the carrier.

In Figs. 1 and 2 two s :i'ngcatches J and 10 are shown in engagem ntwith a stud projection 11. The projection 11 is pivoted. to ashoulder-plate 4, having means for attaching it to the shoulder of theoperator, and when a coat is worn over the plate 4 to better confine itthe stud 11 is adapted to project through a buttonholc-opening, and whennot in use to turn down, as shown in broken lines, Fig.2. Thespring-catches 9 and 1 have extensions 12 and 13 to project outwardthrough openings in the stock, so that said extensions can be engaged bythe operator to retire the hooked ends of the catches and release thegun from the stud 11. I prefer to use duplidental disengagement.Attaching the butt the gmrl tei tlietshonlden"obviates the nccessity ofholding it thereto by one hand, which may then be employed otherwise, asin guidingahorse, and one hand alone will serve to operate the lever andhold the gun in position.

The catch or .lutchos on the gun and the catch onthe shoulder of theoperator together constitute a clutch by which the gun held in firingposition white hair aimed, and fired by one hand, a: e ring may be thuscontinued untii the magazine is exhausted. It is apparent that such acon nection of the gun to the user would h practical utility in a singleloader. is is it of use in such a gun (a s the bolt system) which ran.from the shoulder in erde" ating-handle. My operatn k cially devisedfor use with ti clutch. Nevertheless some other L'JXEZiSerating-handlemight be substituted forth u herein illustrated withoutdeparting from the spirit of this part of the invention.

To make this arm more effective at range and at the same time preserveits eiiicieney for long distances, 1 make the barrel .with the usualtwist riding to nearits muzzle, then enlarge the bore and form in thatpart straight or non-twisting grooves, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, andprefer to choke or contract the extreme muzzle to near the size of. themaincaliber of the barrel. The object of this part of my invent-ion isto enable the samegun to project both ball and shot accurately. Thebullet will follow the twist grooves inthe usual manner and not fillingthe'boro at the muzzle, where the straight cate-catches, as shown, toguard against acci-.-

grooves are formed, will not be controlled or deflected by said straightgrooves; but when shot are used (either alone or in connection with abullet) their tendency for dispersion, which is greatlyincreasedbythetwist ritiing, insures the contact of the shot with the straightgrooves to concentrate their flight.

In Fig. 3 I show a modification in which the straight rifled muzzle ismade detachable, and an elastic washer It is applied to check the gasfrom fouling the joint, which otherwise becomes clogged and ditficult tounscrew. The vibrating operating-handle 5 is connected to the bolt bythe'locking-brace7 through the intermediate levers l5 and 16. The handle5 is split to pass over the levorl5, and both are hung in the frame onthe pivot 17 and held rigidly to each other by the spring-dog l8 andabutment it), as shown in Figs. 5 and ti. As will be seen in Figs. 1 and5, the handle is thus held away from the waist of the gun, so as toallow the hand to grasp around it and press more directly forward toopen the breech to avoid in great. part the usual downward pull so aptto destroy the aim in other leverguns; but by pressing on the rear endof the .dog 18 it may be sprung out of engagement with its bearing inlever 15 and the lever 5 can be then turned up against the Waist, of thegun, as seen in the broken lines in Fig. 5. Then the dogs point willenter the depression 20 to retain the leverout of the way when not'lieing used; but the dog will yield to force, so that the lever may bereadily thrown down into operative position when desired. As be forestated, the operating-lever swings on the pivot-1'7.

When the handle 5 and part 15'are locked by the dog 18 to inovetogether, they operate as one lever, and a slot 21 allows it to moveregardless of the pin 22, which passes through it, and pivots thelowersplitend of the upper lever 23 t0 the frame; but a pin 24, niorcremote from the pivot 22 of the upper lever than pivot 17 of the handle,projects from lever 23 to enter a slot in the'ai-m 85 of the lower lever15 and be thereby engaged-by the lower lever, so that the vibration ofsaid arm I L will move the lever 26 to'turn on its .lllVOlLQZ,

and the distance from pivot 2t to 117 being greater than that from 2t to22;nntkcsthe movement of the arm '35 longer, amtthereby accelerates themovement of the upper lever 23, when vibrating it on its pivot 22, toopcir the breech by a short movement of the opcr- Ming-handle, as seenin Fig. (3, when a solid pivoted lever-handle would have to travel farther, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. l. A shortmovement of the lever,as described, makes the operation of thegun easy without removal fromthe shoulder.

- it is obviolis that a change in the relative distance of thelOVQF-PlVOtS will change the ratio of accelerationlof the lever 255. Thelcvcr 275 has engagement at. its upper end to operate the brave andbolt, and aswinging fly i in g! lino (if/engagement of said lover of thefly 26, will permit the bolt to be forced backward a short distance bythe discharge. I utilize this limited backward movement of the bolt tothrow the hammer to half or full cock, which may be effected by thedirect backward movement of the bolt against the; face of the hammer ora lever 27, as'shown in Figs. 5 and 6, with a long arm to bear backwardthe tiring-pin or hammer and a short arm to engage ashouldcr above itspivot, the said pivot passing through a slot in the lever 27 to allowthe leverv to be pressed up into such engagement bya spring, as shown inFig. With this arrangement a slightrecoil of .the boltin the frame, bythe engagement between the bolt and frame by means 'of the short arm andpivot of lever 27, increases the movcment'of the long arm of said leverto throw tl1e-hammei"back, as shown in, dotted line Fig. 5.

The hooks of the twin side extractors .38

project below the face of the bolt to engage the cartridge when feedingback from the magazine, its flange being slightly raised by -the carrier.to be grasped by the extractorhooks and insure in case of anyobstruction the rearward movement of the cart-ridge when the bolt movesback. An auxiliary lever 29, Figs.- 5, 6, and 9, has pins 30 and 31projecting into oblique slots in-tho side of the carrier, the rear pin30 projecting, also, into the opening of the carrier in, position toboengaged by the lever 23 in the last of its j're'ar' ward movements, asseen in Fig. (3, and there by inove back the leverZf), and its pins,traversing the oblique slots in the carrier, turn its .forward armupward to raise the butt of the cartridge above'the tloor ofthe c arrier to more nearly align the cartridgo'withthe bore of the gun. A pin32 in .the forward part of the lever 29-is engaged by the'forwardmovemeitt of the lever 23 to return lever 29 to its forward and downwardposition in the carrier. When the .hanin'ior is at half-cock, as shownin Fig. 6, the bolt may be moved back freely over it. To turn it tot'ull-cock, I hang a dog 33 to the operating-lever below or IOfll'll({of the pivot of said lever and to be movei thereby, as in l ig. (i,intoposition for-engagcmont with a notch, as .H, in the hammer, so that inmoving back the lever to close the breech the dog is carried thercb'y'toengage and turn back the hannncr to full cock,

where it will be held by the soar in the usual manner, or if thetriggeris pulled to keep the sear, outot contact; the dog 313 will bereleased by impinging against the pin 35,-as in Fig. 5, to tire the gunby the closingof tho lovcrand breech.- .'lho ejector Ill; is hung in thebot.- tom of the iaecoi" bolt and a projection 37' of the carrierstrikes its front; and upward, when the carrier rises to eject. thoshell, and when the bolt is thenstartcd forward from tho.position shownin Fig. t' the roar projoe'-' i no the last part of its downwardmovement to press down the spring-pin 39 and thereby free-the magazine.

The cocking-dog 33 projects at the bottom of the frame, as shown in Fig.6, so that it may be conveniently pressed forward out of position forengaging the hammer as the breech is being closed and that the hammerwill remain at half -cock. The carrier is raised by the lever 23 in itslast rearward movement byits engaging a projection of said carrier aboveits pivot, as seen in Fig. 6, and lowered by the downwardprojectingextractors, which move against the inclined cars at its front and top.The spring-pin magazinestop, as set in the bottom of the frame, isinclined rearward to the better hold against the cartridge-head and notbe retired thereby and be more easilyretired by the face of the car:

rier and; also to facilitate construction.

I claim- 1. In a magazine small arm, a shoulderplate and catchconnecting said. plate to the gun to supportitagainst the shoulder, incombination with a supporting and operating handle in position to begrasped by one hand of the operator and serve to hold the gun inposition for operation by one hand, and a trigger in position to bepulled by the hand ongaging the handle, substantially as described.

2. A magazine-gun having the operatinghandle and trigger in position tobe grasped by one hand of the operator, a catch in the stock in positionto engage a catch on the shoulder of the operator, and a projectionextending outside the stock by which the said catch may be disengaged,substantially as described.

3. In a magazine-gun, the operating-handle and trigger in position to beengaged by the hand of the operator while the-gun is at the shoulder, acatch on the gun,an(1 a catch constructed substantiallyas described forattach-- mcnt-to the shoulder of the operator and to have clutch engagcment with the catch on the gun, the parts in combination,substantially as described.

4. A magazine having its operating-handle and trigger within reach ofone hand of the operator while the gun is at the shoulder, a

catch or clutch member attached to said gun,

and a corresponding catch or clutch member connected to the person of 4the operator, the

parts combined, substantially as described, so that the gun may berepeatedly loaded and fired while connected and held to the person ofthe operator.

5. In a breech-loading gun, a lever connected to the breech mechanism tomove it to close and open the breech, said lever having a projectinghandle by which it is operated,

a joint in said operating-lever to permit its handle to turn against thebody of the gun, and a spring-catch to hold it in operative position,all in combination, substantially as described.

6. In a breech-loading ed to the breech mechanism to move it to closeand open the breech, said lever having a projecting handle by which itis operated, a joint in said operating-lever to permit, its handle toturn against the body of the gun, and a spring-catch to hold it inoperative position, and a connection outside the gun .to release it, allin combination, substantially as specified.

-gun, alever conneetto close the. breech, a lever 23, hung in the frameand connected to said mechanism to operate it, a vibratingoperating-handle joint" ed to said lever and hung in the frame on adistinct axis, and a connection from the bandle to the lever23, moreremote from the axis of the handle than from the axis of said lever,

in combination, substantially as and f th purpose described. a

handle pivoted in the frame to operate the, breech mechanism, avibrating operating-lever attached thereto and pivoted in the framenearer its point of attachment to saidhandle than the axis thereof, allin combination, substantially as specified, to give accelerated movementto'the lever and the breech-closing mechanism by the movement of thehandle.

9. In a magazine firearm, a bolt, alever hung in the frame and havingconnection to said bolt to reciprocate it by the vibration of saidlever-to open and close the breech, and

means of locking the breech, in combination with a fly by which bearingis obtained. between the lever and bolt to force the bolt forward of itslocking position, and an engaging shoulder carried by the bolt,substantially as described, for forcing hack the hammer by the limitedrecoil of the bolt.

10. In a magazine-firearm, -a reciprocating bolt having meansnforlocking it forward in the frame and for locking position, i combinationwith a pivoted lever operated upon by the limited 'recoil of thebolt,"ltnd a resisting-abutment in the frame to turn said lever toproduce engagement with and thereby throw back the hammer, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth. I p 11. In amagazine-firearm, areciprocating bolt, a magazine beneath the barrel, twin extractorshaving grasping-hooks extending downward below the face of the bolt inline Eorcingitforward of saiid with the path of movement of cartridgeswhen 1 feeding from the magazine, and a carrier to raise the cartridgesinto the grasp of said extractor l'l'oalts, all in con'ibination, tiallyas described.

12. Ina magazinegun, a vibrating, carrier and means to raise it, incombination with an auxiliary lever having oblique bearing in said(3&1l'l81,{tl'ltlt shoulder on the lever for engage mont of, a movingpart of the breech mechanism to slide it and raise its forward end byoblique movement'- in the carrier. I

in a breech-loading firearm, a vibrating hammer, a vibratingoperating-lever to move the breech, and a dog or pawl hung in theoperating-lever and carried thereby in its movement oi opening thebreech to position for engagement with a shoulder in the hammer andmoved to cock the hammer by the movementof the lever in closing thebreech, all in combination, substantially set forth.

l-l. in a in'eech-loatllug tircarm, a vibrating o 'ieratingdever and avibrating hammer, in connection with a cocking-dog which cocks hammer bymm'ementof the operatinglever and having, a connection to the outside ofthegun for rendering said doginoperative, substantially as described.

15. In a breech-loading tircarnha vibrating operatingdever and avibrating hammer, in combination with a cocking-(lo which cocks thehammer by movement. of the operating lever and a foil in the trame toengage am] to release the tlogtrom the hammer.

lit. in a magaziue-lircarm, a reciprocating substanme ee;

bolt and an ejector hungto vibrate upward in the face of the bolt,-incombination with a car riot-arranged to strike up said ejector and ex-'pel the shell and projections on Hflltl carrier illl tl ejector to makeengagement in the closing movement of the bOli-ftlltl turn down the ejcetor.

the face of the carrier, substantially an autl I for the purposeSpecified.

18. A magazine small-arm hat in a stock and barrel and loading at thel)l'0CCll,Stltl gun having a lmttliug-ha-ntllc within reach of the handot the operator to open and close the breech while the gun is at hisshoulder and having: means for attaching the butt of the gun amlhohlingitto the shoulder while loatllug, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof l atlix my'Hig'natiii-c in presence of twowitnesses.

